Minus-One
In the Philippines, the Minus-One (commonly, albeit improperly, spelled "minus one" without the hyphen) is a variant mix of a multi-track recording, wherein the lead vocal track of a song is muted for further use. In the Philippine recording industry of the 1980s, during the heyday of vinyl records, this variant was released as the "flip side" of a commercial song's 7-inch single, but generally never a part of the Long Playing album containing the full-featured song. Succinctly, a B-side selection became referred to as "minus-one" because the lead vocal track is subtracted from the A-Side song's original mix.
The Minus-One is the patented name of the karaoke machine invented by Filipino business executive Roberto del Rosario in 1975. The term "karaoke" is a combined Japanese word from karappo (空っぽ, empty) and okestura (オーケストラ, orchestra), meaning "empty orchestra" or an "orchestra void of vocals," which the Minus-One machine is. Although, the term and the idea of records without vocals can be traced back to the Music Minus One company in the 1950s.
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